THE RULING PARTY & THE LEADERS.
The ruling party of Malaysia since it's independence has always been Parti Perikatan (the Alliance Party) then replaced by a broader coalition, Barisan Nasional (National Front) to this day.
BN has Umno, MCA, MIC & tens of political parties to it's name.
Seven Prime Ministers has been from Umno, the largest party in the coalition and the founding member of Barisan Nasional (BN).
Seven Prime Ministers has been from Umno, the largest party in the coalition and the founding member of Barisan Nasional (BN).
Tunku Abdul Rahman Al-Haj became the first Prime Minister of Malaysia since independence in 1957.
The formation of Malaysia on 16 September,1963 was his greatest achievements.
Widely known as "Tunku" he is also called Father of Independence.
Widely known as "Tunku" he is also called Father of Independence.
Since independence, Tunku has led in 3 general elections (GE). In 1959 (GE1) & 1964 (GE2),
The Alliance Party (Parti Perikatan) was returned, The Ruling Party.
However, in 1969 (GE3), The Alliance Party fared badly.
Though returned, it lost for the first time it's two-third majority other than loosing Perak, Terengganu, Penang & Kelantan at states level.
Starting with Gerakan & the DAP having it's victory rally in Kuala Lumpur on May 12, racial tension
erupted when Umno retaliated the following day which eventually turned into May 13 racial riots.
Though returned, it lost for the first time it's two-third majority other than loosing Perak, Terengganu, Penang & Kelantan at states level.
Starting with Gerakan & the DAP having it's victory rally in Kuala Lumpur on May 12, racial tension
erupted when Umno retaliated the following day which eventually turned into May 13 racial riots.
The Govt has taken an immediate and stern action backed by loyal army and the police to control the situation before wide spreading nationwide.
An emergency committee, Mageran (Majlis Gerakan Negara) took power and declared state of emergency.
An emergency committee, Mageran (Majlis Gerakan Negara) took power and declared state of emergency.
Following that, Tunku's powers were severely curtailed and eventually, forced to resign on 22nd September,
1970 in favour of Tun Razak.
The following year, he resigned as President of Umno party.
The following year, he resigned as President of Umno party.
When state of emergency ended, Tun Razak, Tunku's deputy, became Malaysia's 2nd Prime Minister on this day, 22nd Sept, 1970.
Responsible in the setting up of National Front (BN), Tun Razak launched Malaysian New Economy Policy (MNEP).
In 1974 he led BN into GE4.
BN won the elections with 135 parliamentary seats out of 154 seats contested.He died of luekaemia in London on Jan 14, 1976 while seeking treatment. He is known to-date as the Father of Development.
BN won the elections with 135 parliamentary seats out of 154 seats contested.He died of luekaemia in London on Jan 14, 1976 while seeking treatment. He is known to-date as the Father of Development.
His death paved the way for his brother in-law deputy, Tun Hussein Onn as Malaysia's 3rd Prime Minister.
The son of Dato' Onn Jaafar the founder of Umno (BN's largest component party), Tun Hussein called for GE5 on 14th of Jan, 1978 after 2 1/2 years in office and his first since becoming Prime Minister.
Incumbent BN had no difficulty to win GE5. 131 of 154 parliament seats were in BN's favour and continued it's dominance in Malaysian politics.
In 1981, Tun Hussein underwent a coronary bypass and on July 17 the same year, he retired from active politics sighting health reasons and subsequently relinquished his premiership to Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad.
Tun Hussien is well remembered by Malaysians as the Father of Unity for his efforts and policies towards rectifying economic imbalances between the communities.
Tun Mahathir became the 4th Prime Minister on 16th of July, 1981.
He was Malaysia's longest serving Prime Minister, holding on to power for 22 years - 1981 to 2003.
He was Malaysia's longest serving Prime Minister, holding on to power for 22 years - 1981 to 2003.
A medical doctor by profession, he became active in politics under Umno and first entered parliament in 1964.
Having served for one term, he was expelled from Umno by The Tunku.
It was Tun Razak who had encouraged him to come back to Umno's fold and had him appointed senator in 1973.
It was Tun Razak who had encouraged him to come back to Umno's fold and had him appointed senator in 1973.
In the same year, he was returned to Umno's supreme council. In 1974, he was appointed to the cabinet as the minister of education.
His strain relationship with the Tunku became a public knowledge following his expulsion and it is also a common knowledge that he and Tun Hussein were not close allies.
Tun Hussein had difficult moments then before eventually appointing Tun Mahathir as his deputy.
It was difficult for Tun Hussein as the appointment would displease Tunku, who was then alive and revered as the father of independence.
It was difficult for Tun Hussein as the appointment would displease Tunku, who was then alive and revered as the father of independence.
Tun Mahathir steered economic growth and modernization with his initiatives of infrastructure projects.
In 1982 general election (GE6), the Opposition was incapable to do much damage when BN was returned with 131 parliament seats out of 154.
Again, BN secured people's mandate to be the Ruling Party with Tun Mahathir entering his 2nd term in office as Prime Minister.
Earlier, soon after succeeding from Tun Hussien in 1981, he picked Anwar Ibrahim, the founding leader & 2nd president of a youth Islamic Organisation named Abim.
Anwar joined Umno in 1982 & Tun Mahathir soon groomed him to be his successor.
In 1983 Anwar was made Minister of Youth Culture & Sport then the Agriculture Minister before becoming Minister of Education in 1986.
GE7 was held on Aug 3 1986. BN secured victory with 148 parliament seats out of a total 177 contested. With a votes turnout of 68.1%, BN sustained it's two-third majority.
At the same time Tun Mahathir is entering his 2nd term in office.
At the same time Tun Mahathir is entering his 2nd term in office.
GE8 was held on 21 October, 1990. Election results were again, in favour of BN.
Incumbent Prime Minister Tun Mahathir was returned and entering his 3rd term in office.
BN won 127 of 180 parliament seats.
Incumbent Prime Minister Tun Mahathir was returned and entering his 3rd term in office.
BN won 127 of 180 parliament seats.
However, at the State level, BN for the first time lost Kelantan to the Opposition.
Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah (APU) won all 39 state assembly seats. It was a landslide victory for APU.
Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah (APU) won all 39 state assembly seats. It was a landslide victory for APU.
Meanwhile at federal level, Anwar was made the Finance Minister in 1991.
He became Deputy Prime Minister in 1993 after defeating Tun Ghafar Baba for Umno's no 2 spot.
He was at one time appointed acting Prime Minister when Tun Mahathir was on a 2 month holiday.
He became Deputy Prime Minister in 1993 after defeating Tun Ghafar Baba for Umno's no 2 spot.
He was at one time appointed acting Prime Minister when Tun Mahathir was on a 2 month holiday.
GE9 was held on 25 April, 1995.
BN earned victory with 162 of the 192 seats.
By now Tun Mahathir is already entering his 4th term as Prime Minister.
BN earned victory with 162 of the 192 seats.
By now Tun Mahathir is already entering his 4th term as Prime Minister.
Tun Mahathir-Anwar's relationship began deteriorating with Anwar before dramatically collapsed during the Asian financial crisis.
On Sept 2, 1998 Anwar was dismissed as Deputy Prime Minister and that prompted his expulsion from Umno.
On Sept 2, 1998 Anwar was dismissed as Deputy Prime Minister and that prompted his expulsion from Umno.
On 20th Sept, 1998, Anwar was arrested and subsequently charged with corruption.
In police custody, he was beaten by then Inspector General of Police, Rahim Noor.
While Anwar was in prison, Tun Mahathir called for GE10 on 29th Nov, 1999.
The Anwar saga had it's impact when the Ruling Party had a reduced majority, the worst results since 1969.
However, BN maintained it's two-third majority.
It also marked for the first time, Parti KeAdilan headed by Anwar's wife Dr Wan Azizah participating in Malaysian GE.
Many Malays (Anwar's supporters & sympathizers inclusive writer) deserted Umno.
Many Malays (Anwar's supporters & sympathizers inclusive writer) deserted Umno.
GE10 was held on 29th Nov, 1999.
BN has made it again as The Ruling Party with Tun Mahathir entering his 5th term in office.
Securing 147 parliament seats to Opposition 45, BN's popular vote dropped at around 56%.
At State elections, BN gave away Terengganu to PAS in addition to Kelantan.
BN has made it again as The Ruling Party with Tun Mahathir entering his 5th term in office.
Securing 147 parliament seats to Opposition 45, BN's popular vote dropped at around 56%.
At State elections, BN gave away Terengganu to PAS in addition to Kelantan.
At the Umno's general assembly in 2002, Tun Mahathir announced he would resign as Prime Minister and fixed his retirement to October 2002 to enable a smooth hand over. 31st October, 2002 was his last day at
the office of a Prime Minister. Tun Mahathir remains Malaysia's longest serving Prime Minister.
Ready to inherit power and the post of Prime Minister was a much stronger religious credential to his predecessor, Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi.
Popularly known as Pak Lah, Tun Abdullah became the 5th Prime Minister of Malaysia.
Popularly known as Pak Lah, Tun Abdullah became the 5th Prime Minister of Malaysia.
Since assumed office on 31st Oct 2002, Tun Abdullah promised to tighten and control corruption by giving more authority to Anti Corruption Agencies at the same time making it more convenient for public to report those involved in corrupt practices.
Realizing to get his own people's mandate, Tun Abdullah called for a fresh general election.
GE11 was held on 21st March, 2004.
Incumbent BN now under the leadership of Tun Abdullah returned by electorate with an increased majority.
As a matter of fact, the largest majority since GE5.
BN took with them 198 parliament seats with only 20 for the combined Opposition.
BN's popular vote was recorded at 63.9%
At State level, BN re-captured the State of Terengganu but fell short on Kelantan which was narrowly won by incumbent, PAS.
Incumbent BN now under the leadership of Tun Abdullah returned by electorate with an increased majority.
As a matter of fact, the largest majority since GE5.
BN took with them 198 parliament seats with only 20 for the combined Opposition.
BN's popular vote was recorded at 63.9%
At State level, BN re-captured the State of Terengganu but fell short on Kelantan which was narrowly won by incumbent, PAS.
GE12 was held on March 8, 2008.
It was BN worst performance in Malaysian GE since independence in 1957.
From a resounding victory in 2004 to a worst in the coalition's history under the leadership of Tun Abdullah.
It was BN worst performance in Malaysian GE since independence in 1957.
From a resounding victory in 2004 to a worst in the coalition's history under the leadership of Tun Abdullah.
Out of 222 parliament seats, Opposition had won 82. It is also BN's first since 1969 to have been denied it's two-third majority.
In addition; at state level, BN lost 5 of 12 contesting states.
In addition; at state level, BN lost 5 of 12 contesting states.
Tun Abdullah now faced political crisis. Not only the heavy pressure from Opposition but growing discontent from his own ranks in the party.
Tun Mahathir and son Mukhriz had been critical when openly called for Tun Abdullah to step down.
Tun Mahathir had asked Tun Abdullah to take responsibility for 2008 election dismal performance.
Tun Mahathir had asked Tun Abdullah to take responsibility for 2008 election dismal performance.
On May 19, differences between Tun Mahathir & Tun Abdullah reached it's climax when the former announced he would leave the party for lost of confidence in Tun Abdullah's leadership and would only rejoin after Tun Abdullah stepped down as party president & prime minister.
On July 10, 2008 Tun Abdullah announced that he would step down as Umno President as well as Prime Minister of Malaysia in June, 2009.
On April 2, 2009 he tendered his resignation to the Yang diPertuan Agong and subsequently,
Datuk Seri Najib was sworn in as the 6th Prime Minister of Malaysia the following day, 3rd of April 2009.
GE13 was held on May 5, 2013.
BN's performance under the leadership of DS Najib in this election was poorer than that of Tun Abdullah in GE12. BN lost 7 parliament seats, it's two-third majority denied and for the first time, lost in popular vote.
BN's performance under the leadership of DS Najib in this election was poorer than that of Tun Abdullah in GE12. BN lost 7 parliament seats, it's two-third majority denied and for the first time, lost in popular vote.
Out of 222 parliament seats contested, Opposition Pakatan Rakyat (PR) secured 89 and BN took the remaining 133.
BN's victory has given DS Najib his own people's mandate though only at 47% of total voters.
At state level, PR sustained grip on Penang, Selangor & Kelantan while giving away Kedah and failed to preserve Perak.
At state level, PR sustained grip on Penang, Selangor & Kelantan while giving away Kedah and failed to preserve Perak.
GE13 has been considered by many as the most tightly fought battle between incumbent Ruling Party and the Opposition.
To be contd....
To be contd....
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